一、界说与规模

1、 Definition and scale

漫衍式光伏发电通常是指在用户端装置的小型光伏发电系统，其发电量一样平常在数千瓦数百千瓦之间。这些系统直接毗连到配电网，并为用户提供电力。相比之下，集中式光伏发电则是在大型电站中装置的大型光伏阵列，其发电量通常在数兆瓦数百兆瓦之间。这些电站通常通过高压输电线路将电力传输到远方用户。

Distributed photovoltaic power generation usually refers to small photovoltaic power generation systems installed at the user end, with a power generation capacity generally ranging from several kilowatts to several hundred kilowatts. These systems are directly connected to the distribution network and provide electricity to users. In contrast, centralized photovoltaic power generation refers to the installation of large photovoltaic arrays in large power plants, with power generation typically ranging from several megawatts to hundreds of megawatts. These power stations usually transmit electricity to remote users through high-voltage transmission lines.

二、系统结构与运行方法

2、 System structure and operation mode

在系统结构上，漫衍式光伏发电系统通常与配电网直接相连，形成一个并网系统。在这种系统中，配电网不但传输电能，还为光伏系统提供须要的支持，以确保系统的稳固运行。而集中式光伏电站则通过高压输电线路与大电网毗连，其运行受到大电网的调理和控制。

In terms of system structure, distributed photovoltaic power generation systems are usually directly connected to the distribution network, forming a grid connected system. In this system, the distribution network not only transmits electrical energy, but also provides necessary support for the photovoltaic system to ensure its stable operation. The centralized photovoltaic power station is connected to the power grid through high-voltage transmission lines, and its operation is subject to the scheduling and control of the power grid.

三、情形影响与土地使用

3、 Environmental Impact and Land Use

在情形影响方面，漫衍式光伏发电通常对情形的影响较小。由于其规模较小，对土地和水资源的需求较低，且在装置历程中无需大规模的土地开发。然而，集中式光伏电站由于规模较大，往往需要大面积的土地开发，这可能导致土地资源的占用和生态情形的转变。别的，集中式电站的建设还可能涉及水资源的使用和自然景观的改变。

In terms of environmental impact, distributed photovoltaic power generation usually has a relatively small impact on the environment. Due to its small scale, the demand for land and water resources is low, and there is no need for large-scale land development during the installation process. However, centralized photovoltaic power stations often require large-scale land development due to their large scale, which may lead to the occupation of land resources and changes in the ecological environment. In addition, the construction of centralized power stations may also involve the use of water resources and changes in natural landscapes.

四、能源使用与效率

4、 Energy utilization and efficiency

在能源使用和效率方面，漫衍式光伏发电由于靠近用户，能够更好地顺应电力需求的转变。同时，由于其规模较小，维护和运营相对简朴，能源转换效率较高。而集中式光伏电站由于规模较大，需要大宗的电力传输和转换，可能会导致能源损失和效率降低。别的，集中式电站的建设和维护本钱通常较高，需要大规模的投资才华实现经济效益。

In terms of energy utilization and efficiency, distributed photovoltaic power generation can better adapt to changes in electricity demand due to its proximity to users. Meanwhile, due to its small scale, relatively simple maintenance and operation, and high energy conversion efficiency. However, centralized photovoltaic power stations, due to their large scale, require a large amount of power transmission and conversion, which may lead to energy loss and reduced efficiency. In addition, the construction and maintenance costs of centralized power stations are usually high, requiring large-scale investment to achieve economic benefits.

五、可扩展性与无邪性

5、 Scalability and flexibility

在可扩展性和无邪性方面，漫衍式光伏发电具有显着的优势。随着手艺的前进和本钱的降低，漫衍式光伏系统的规模和性能可以轻松地扩展和升级。别的，由于其位于用户端，可以无邪地知足特定用户的能源需求和偏好。相比之下，集中式光伏电站的建设需要大规模的投资和长时间的妄想，其扩展和无邪性相对较低。

Distributed photovoltaic power generation has significant advantages in scalability and flexibility. With the advancement of technology and the reduction of costs, the scale and performance of distributed photovoltaic systems can be easily expanded and upgraded. In addition, due to its location on the user side, it can flexibly meet the energy needs and preferences of specific users. In contrast, the construction of centralized photovoltaic power stations requires large-scale investment and long-term planning, and their expansion and flexibility are relatively low.

六、经济性与

6、 Economy and investment return

在经济性方面，漫衍式光伏发电通常具有更高的率。由于其规模较小，建设和运营本钱较低，且能够快速接纳投资。别的，由于漫衍式光伏系统可以为用户提供电力供应包管和收益，因此其经济效益越发显着。而集中式光伏电站的建设本钱较高，且需要大规模的资源投入和长时间的运营才华实现经济效益。

In terms of economy, distributed photovoltaic power generation usually has a higher investment return rate. Due to its small scale, low construction and operating costs, and ability to quickly recover investment. In addition, due to the fact that distributed photovoltaic systems can provide users with electricity supply guarantees and energy-saving benefits, their economic benefits are more significant. The construction cost of centralized photovoltaic power stations is relatively high, and large-scale capital investment and long-term operation are required to achieve economic benefits.