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1. Ground signs

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Mark the corresponding positions on the ground, bury signs, sign bricks, sign stickers, etc. This method is intuitive and easy to find, but it is limited by the ground environment, such as being difficult to set up on expressways. In case of road maintenance or demolition, a large number of signs will also be lost. At present, all ground markers use the above markings.

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2. Equipment detection

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Once the ground signs are lost, equipment can only be used for underground pipeline detection. For metal pipes, a metal probe is generally used for routing and positioning, which is a device that applies electrical signals to the pipeline and then tracks the direction of the electrical signals. This type of equipment works well in areas with few underground pipelines, no strong magnetism, and strong electricity, but for areas with dense pipelines (such as courtyards) or pipelines with poor conductivity (such as E-ductile iron pipes), the detection efficiency will be greatly reduced. PE pipes are not conductive at all, so this technology cannot be used. We have also tried other devices, such as geomagnetic imagers and underground cavity detectors, but they have not been practically applied in Bazhou Company, and the effect cannot be determined temporarily. In addition, it is understood that there is currently no device on the market that can achieve ideal results in detecting PE pipes.

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3. Metal thin film tracer band

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Lay a metal film tracer tape above the gas PE pipeline, and then use a pipe detector for detection. The metal film in the tracer band has conductivity, which theoretically reflects the characteristics of the metal tube. However, in reality, due to the small cross-sectional area of the metal film, its conductivity is poor, and it is greatly affected by the interference of surrounding metal pipes, resulting in very poor detection effect. It can only be detected in areas with small interference and close to the ground. Moreover, during the radiation process, a connection needs to be made every 100 meters. If the connection is improper, the tracer band may break due to soil settlement during later use, making it impossible to detect.

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4. Metal tracer line

ΪÌá¸ßʾ×ÙÎïÌåµÄµ¼µçÐÔ£¬ÎÒÃÇÔøʹÓýðÊôʾ×ÙÏßÀ´Ìæ»»½ðÊô±¡Ä¤Ê¾×Ù´ø¡£ÓÉÓÚʾ×ÙÏߵݤÏßоÊÇÍ­£¬ÇÒ¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ½ØÃæ»ý£¬Òò´Ëµ¼µçÐÔÏÔןÃÓÚ±¡Ä¤Ê¾×Ù´ø£¬ÓÈÆäÔÚ¸ÕÂñÏÂÈ¥µÄʱ¼ä£¬Ì½²âЧ¹û½ÏºÃ¡£µ«Ëæ×Åʱ¼äÑÓÉ죬ʾ×ÙÏß̻¶³öºÜ´óÎÊÌâ¡£a.ʾ×ÙÏßÒ»µ©Óжϵ㣬ÈçÊ©¹¤Ê±±»ÍÚ¶Ï×ÔÈ»ÐâÊ´¡¢ÅþÁ¬Ê±Ã»½ÓÀεÈ£¬´Ó¶ÏµãÍùºó¾ÍÎÞ·¨±»Ì½²âµ½¡£b.Ïà¹ØÓÚÆäËûµØϹܵÀ»òÏßÏß·£¬Ê¾×ÙÏߵĵ¼µçÐÔûÓÐËüÃǺã¬Òò´ËÔì³É̽²âÐźŹýÓÚ΢Èõ£¬ÒÔÓÚ»ìÏý¹ÜµÀλÖᣲ¢ÇÒ¿¹À­ÐÔÄܲÔÚ¶¨Ïò×ê´©Ô½ÖÐÎÞ·¨·óÉè¡£

To improve the conductivity of tracer objects, we have used metal tracer lines instead of metal thin film tracer bands. Due to the copper core of the tracer wire and its certain cross-sectional area, its conductivity is significantly better than that of the thin film tracer tape, especially when it is just buried, the detection effect is better. But as time goes on, the tracer line exposes significant issues. a. Once there is a breakpoint in the tracer line, such as natural corrosion caused by excavation during construction, or loose connection during connection, it cannot be detected from the breakpoint onwards. b. Compared to other underground pipelines or lines, the conductivity of tracer lines is not as good as theirs, resulting in weak detection signals and confusing the position of pipelines. And the tensile performance is poor, making it impossible to lay in directional drilling crossing.

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5. Waste communication optical cables

¼øÓÚ½ðÊôʾ×ÙÏßµÄÈõµã£¬·Ï¾ÉͨѶ¹âÀ¿ÉÒԽϺõظÃÎÊÌ⡣ͨѶ¹âÀÂÊÇÓÉÈô¸É¸ù¡´Ð¾¡µ¹âÏË(Ò»Ñùƽ³£´Ó¼¸Ð¾µ½¼¸Ç§Ð¾¡µ×é³ÉµÄÀÂÐĺÍÍ⻤²ãËù×é³É¡£¹âÀÂÖÐÓÐÔöÇ¿¹¹¼þÈ¥ÔâÊÜÍâ½çµÄ»úе¸ººÉ£¬ÒÔ± £»¤¹âÏËÃâÊÜÖÖÖÖÍâ»úеÁ¦µÄÓ°Ï죬´Ó¶ø**Á˹âÀµÄÄ;ÃÐÔ¡£ÓÈÆäÔÚ¶¨Ïò×괩Խʩ¹¤ÖУ¬¹âÀµÄÇ¿¸ººÉÁ¦¿ÉÒÔ*ÍêÕûµÄ·óÉè¡£ÔÚ300500Ã×¾àÀë´¦£¬ÂñÉè¼ì²â×®£¬½«¹âÀÂÒý¼ì²â×®ÄÚ£¬Àû±ãÈÕºó¼ì²â¶¨Î»¡£¹âÀµÄÈõµãÊǵ¼µçÐÔÄܵÍÓÚ½ðÊôʾ×ÙÏߣ¬ÊÜ×ÌÈŵÄÇøÓò¼ì²âЧ¹û½Ï²î¡£

Given the drawbacks of metal tracer lines, waste communication optical cables can effectively solve this problem. Communication optical cable is composed of a core and an outer protective layer composed of several to several thousand core optical fibers. There are reinforced components in the optical cable to withstand external mechanical loads, protecting the optical cable from various external mechanical forces, thereby improving its durability. Especially in directional drilling and crossing construction, the strong load force of the optical cable can be fully laid. Detection piles are buried at intervals of 300 to 500 meters, and the optical cable is led into the detection pile for convenient future detection and positioning. The disadvantage of optical cables is that their conductivity is lower than that of metal tracing lines, and the detection effect in disturbed areas is poor.

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6. Underground pipeline electronic marking system

µç×Ó±ê¼Çϵͳ(ElectronicoMark System).ÔçÆðÔ´ÓÚÃÀ¹ú£¬ÓÉ3m¹«Ë¾Îª¹«¹²ÉèÊ©Ó¦Óöø¿ª·¢£¬ÑÏ¿á×ñÕÕÃÀ¹ú¹«¹²ÀͶ¯Ð­»á(APWA)Öƶ©µÄµØÏÂÉèÊ©±ê¼ÇµÄ¹æ·¶£¬ÓÃÓÚ¶ÔÏÖ³¡ÉèÊ©µÄ¶¨Î»¡£ÆäÊÂÇéÔ­ÀíÊǽ«µç×Ó±ê¼ÇÆ÷ÂñÉèÓڹܵÀÉÏ·½£¬Ã¿¸öµç×Ó±ê¼ÇÆ÷ÄÚ¶¼´æÓÐÒ»¸ö..µÄʶ±ð´úÂ룬ÓÌÈçÿСÎÒ˽È˵ÄÉí·ÝÖ¤ºÅÂëÒ»Ñù¡£µç×Ó±ê¼ÇÆ÷ÄÚ¿ÉÒÔ×Ô½ç˵Öü´æ¹ÜµÀµÄÖ÷ÒªÐÅÏ¢£¬ÈçÏà¶ÔλÖá¢ÂñÉî¡¢¹Ü¾¶¡¢¹Ü²Ä¡¢¹ÜµÀѹÁ¦¡¢·óÉèÈÕÆڵȡ£ÔÚµØÃæÉÏʹÓö¨Î»×°±¸(̽²âÒÇ)¶¨Î»µç×Ó±ê¼ÇÆ÷µÄλÖ㬲¢¶ÁÈ¡Öü´æÐÅÏ¢¡£

The ElectronicMark System originated in the United States and was developed by 3m Company for public facility applications. It strictly follows the specifications for underground facility signage established by the American Association of Public Workers (APWA) and is used to locate on-site facilities. Its working principle is to bury electronic markers above pipelines, and each electronic marker contains a The identification code of is the same as the ID number of each person. The electronic marker can customize and store important information about pipelines, such as relative position, burial depth, pipe diameter, pipe material, pipeline pressure, laying date, etc. Use positioning devices (detectors) on the ground to locate the position of electronic markers and read stored information.

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